The church of San Barbaziano is a deconsecrated church in Bologna located at the intersection of Via Barberia and Via Cesare Battisti. It was originally built between 1608 and 1612 by Pietro Fiorini to replace the old church of the convent of the same name, deemed unsuitable for the new religious requirements set out by the Council of Trent. It consists of a single-aisled nave overlooked by eight side chapels (four on each side), some of which were part of the original church and were incorporated into the new construction.
Following the Napoleonic suppressions, in 1797 the church and its convent were expropriated and sold to private individuals who turned the church into a warehouse and stripped it of its contents. In 1870, it became the property of the military state, which continued to use it as a warehouse, even building a mezzanine to make better use of the space. Due to the long period of misuse, much of the decoration has disappeared.
In recent years, ownership passed to the Directorate of the Emilia-Romagna Regional Museums, which together with the Regional Secretariat is overseeing its restoration and the work needed to ensure its safety.